Gaza Humanitarian Response Update | 8-21 June 2025

Response

• As of 22 June, 209,000 meals were prepared and delivered by 12 partners through 45 kitchens, which represents an 80 per cent reduction from the 1.07 million meals distributed daily by 180 kitchens at the end of April. On 21 June, one partner was able to resume operations at one of their main kitchens in Deir al Balah after receiving some truckloads of food commodities a day earlier. The kitchen had been closed since 12 May. Initial cooking started with limited quantities, prioritizing healthcare workers in hospitals and medical points, as well as nearby communities adjacent to the facility. The gradual scale-up of meal production will depend on the continued availability of both food supplies and fuel.
• FSS partners are working with the Protection Cluster and other relevant stakeholders to engage with community members on how aid is distributed and communicate about humanitarian aid deliveries.
• Since the partial resumption of aid entry on 19 May, following a 78-day blockade, partners have managed to bring in more than 9,500* metric tonnes (MT) of wheat flour, or about 360,000 25-kilogramme (kg) bags. Most of this has been offloaded by people in desperate need of humanitarian assistance en route, and in some cases by armed criminals, before reaching their final destinations.

Challenges

• The current volume and pace of deliveries remain critically insufficient to meet the needs of Gaza's entire population, which is facing high levels of acute food insecurity. Consistent, frequent, large-scale deliveries through crossings are urgently needed to meet needs and stabilize availability, pricing, and affordability of wheat flour and other basic staples as well as reduce tensions and rebuild trust within communities. All UN-supported bakeries remain closed.
• Israeli authorities continue to prohibit humanitarian organizations from carrying out food parcel distributions within the Gaza Strip, further hampering efforts to meet needs and ensure the safe and equitable delivery of food assistance.
• Attacks on people attempting to collect food supplies along established humanitarian aid convoy routes or from militarized distribution sites continue to be reported, resulting in mass casualties.
• Fuel is urgently required to support partners’ cargo collection from Kerem Shalom and Zikim crossings and to enable the expansion of kitchen operations.
• Between 21 April and 21 June 2025, within two months, the scale of operations gradually decreased due to a combination of access restrictions, insecurity, and resource constraints. By mid-May, the number of kitchens had decreased by around 60 per cent, to about 70 kitchens, with daily meal distributions falling by over 70 per cent to approximately 300,000 meals per day. This level of activity was maintained for about two weeks before it further declined. By mid to late June, the number of operational kitchens had decreased by roughly 76 per cent, with only 42–45 kitchens operating, and daily meal distributions were reduced by nearly 83 per cent, to approximately 185,000 meals per day.

Response

• As of 15 June, a total of 18,741 children have been admitted for treatment of acute malnutrition since the beginning of the year, representing 31 per cent of the 60,000 estimated by the cluster to be in need of treatment for acute malnutrition in 2025. During the first two weeks of June, 1,648 new admissions of children with moderate or severe acute malnutrition were reported by 12 partners (although ongoing internet connectivity challenges have affected reporting by partners). Of these, 17 children suffer from complications and have been admitted to stabilization centers at hospitals.
• Currently, only four stabilization centres are operational in the Gaza strip: two in Khan Younis, one in Deir al Balah, and one serving both Northern Gaza and Gaza governorates. The World Health Organization (WHO) is currently working to establish an additional stabilization centre at the Rantisi Specialized Pediatric Hospital in Gaza city; placing a stabilization centre within a pediatric hospital enables closer follow up of the nutritional status of hospitalized children and the identification and treatment of secondary malnutrition.
• During the first two weeks of June, Nutrition Cluster partners distributed small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS-SQ) to about 90,000 children under five, including 72,000 reached through UNRWA activities in shelters and health centres. These figures do not include the number of children reached by WFP partners as connectivity issues prevented timely reporting; WFP partners have been distributing monthly, instead of 15-day, rations of LNS-SQ to protect both staff and families by minimizing movements amid deteriorating security conditions and recurrent displacement orders.
• During the first two weeks of June, nearly 15,000 children between six and 23 months received ready-to-use complementary food (baby jar food), including 4,330 in Gaza city and nearly 2,000 in North Gaza.
• During the first two weeks of June, more than 9,500 pregnant and breastfeeding women (PBW) were screened, and at least 200 were enrolled in the targeted supplementary feeding programme. In addition, nearly 3,000 women received LNS-SQ or high-energy biscuits, although comprehensive data remains unavailable due to connectivity challenges.
• Nutrition Cluster partners continue to provide one-on-one support to address the specific needs of caregivers. Between 1 and 15 June, 766 women received individual lactation support, and 472 caregivers received individual guidance on infant and young child feeding practices. Since the start of the year, these efforts have enabled 326 women to start lactation.

Challenges

• Connectivity issues have slowed down both activities and reporting of partners. For example, it has hindered follow-up on individual cases, such as children who missed scheduled appointments for continued treatment.
• Although limited supplies are entering, ongoing restrictions on the entry of aid continue to severely limit the availability of supplies required to implement nutrition programmes at the necessary scale, especially for PBW, where coverage remains low. Only 17,000 PBW were reached in May out of the Nutrition Cluster's monthly target of 149,000.

Response

• During the reporting period, WASH partners continued to distribute water through trucking, albeit at reduced volumes. Between 8 and 22 June, based on available data, 33 WASH Cluster partners distributed a daily average of 22,000 cubic metres of drinking water to 1,914 water collection points. Overall, WASH actors are now only able to produce 50 per cent of the water produced during the ceasefire period, marking one of the lowest levels since October 2023.*
• According to the WASH Cluster's fourth light-touch monitoring survey covering the period of 9 to 12 June, 93 per cent of households experienced water insecurity in the Gaza Strip.
• Since the partial resumption of aid entry on 19 May, WASH partners have used the water treatment chemicals at water production points, in water trucks and with private sector suppliers. A training is planned for WASH partners on water treatment dosing.

Challenges

• Water supply from Mekorot pipelines in Gaza city and southern Khan Younis, remains erratic, unreliable, and limited due to recurrent damage associated with military activity and significant water losses (estimated at 50 to 60 per cent depending on the location) through networks that are dilapidated or damaged by bombing. As a result, WASH partners estimate that most of the population is receiving less than emergency standard of 15 litres per person per day, particularly considering the unequal water distributions through damaged pipelines and vulnerabilities of many families.
• Repairing the Mekorot water pipelines in Gaza city and Khan Younis requires mobilizing staff and equipment to enter militarized zones following coordination with Israeli authorities and to conduct heavy engineering work, such as laying 600mm High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pipes, in high-risk locations. However, coordination efforts face repeated denials by the Israeli authorities, and the pipelines are often broken or damaged again within days, making this an ongoing challenge.
• Ongoing fuel shortages have forced several water wells to cease operations and desalination plants to operate at minimal capacity, resulting in reduced volumes of water available for distribution by WASH partners. Trucked water must travel greater distances from fewer production points, delivering lower volumes of water at each location. This has heightened desperation among communities, leading to a noted increase in attempts to divert water trucks from established routes to their own communities. In other words, the safe passage of trucked water, sustained daily for the past 20 months through the efforts of over 30 partners, is now at risk.
• Access restrictions and fuel shortages have been hindering solid waste collection efforts and the operation of sewage pumping stations. As a result, sanitation is worsening, with sewage overflowing in the streets and people left to live among mounts of garbage, pests and rodents.
  • In southern Gaza, the two temporary solid waste dumping sites in Deir al Balah (including for medical waste) remain inaccessible – one (Al Amal) in a militarized zone and the other (Al Berka 2) is under a displacement order. Since 19 June, the temporary dumping site in Al Qarara, in Khan Younis, has been utilized as an interim measure for solid waste disposal but it has limited capacity.
  • In northern Gaza, the final clearance and lease agreement for a temporary dump site to replace Al Feraa and Yarmouk, which have become inaccessible, is still pending, resulting in continued waste accumulation and heightened public health risks. Moreover, since 18 June, all sewage pumping stations in the Gaza and North Gaza governorates have been non-operational due to fuel shortages, posing serious environmental and public health risks.
• As of 24 June, 77 per cent of WASH assets and facilities now fall within the Israeli-militarized zone or in areas that have been placed under displacement orders since 18 March.* These include 36 out of 46 desalination plants (78 per cent), 46 out of 52 water reservoirs (88 per cent), 54 out of 72 dumpsites (75 per cent), 250 out of 336 water wells (74 per cent), and 53 out of 70 wastewater pumping stations (76 per cent).
• Ongoing connectivity outages have limited the ability of WASH partners to verify and report data, including solid waste collection.

Response

• Between 15 and 21 June, over 187,100 medical treatments, consultations and interventions were conducted by 69 Health Cluster partners across the Gaza Strip, providing primary and secondary health services related to trauma response, general clinical services, mental health trauma, rehabilitation, non-communicable diseases, sexual and reproductive health, and communicable disease control.*
• During the reporting period, WHO successfully delivered medicines and surgical consumables to hospitals and primary health care centres (PHCs) across Gaza, sufficient to support approximately 200,000 consultations and interventions.
• Since 4 June, 3,182 people are estimated to have been served through the distribution of four types of reproductive health kits to hospitals in Khan Younis and Deir al Balah and five PHCs in four governorates.
• UNICEF has procured an 88 KVA generator for Al-Aqsa Hospital and is renting a temporary warehouse to store medical supplies evacuated from Nasser Medical Complex. Additionally, two solar direct-drive refrigerators are being installed at Al Aqsa Hospital and a medical point in Khan Younis, to support the storage of vaccines and other medicines.
• On 11 June, WHO facilitated the evacuation of 33 patients (all children, including 13 girls and 20 boys), alongside 100 companions, to receive urgent medical treatment outside Gaza.

Challenges

• Mass casualty incidents among people attempting to access food supplies at militarized distribution points in Deir al Balah or Rafah or while waiting for trucks carrying UN aid supplies have placed further strain on an already overwhelmed healthcare system. Hospitals are inundated with injured patients and continue to face severe shortages of medical supplies. Intensive Care Units (ICUs), as well as inpatient and outpatient departments, are operating at above full capacity. Field hospitals in Khan Younis are experiencing a three-fold increase in inpatient admissions, particularly in maternity departments, largely due to restricted access to Nasser Hospital. There is an urgent need to scale up equipment and bed capacity at these facilities to meet growing demand for trauma care. On 16 June, more than 200 patients had arrived at the ICRC field hospital, the highest number received by the facility in one single mass casualty incident. These include 28 patients who were reportedly declared dead.
• Resource shortages continue to hamper efforts to mitigate the impact of the spread of waterborne diseases, which are linked to contaminated or insufficient water supplies. Between 8 and 14 June, there were 19,277 reported cases of acute watery diarrhoea, 219 cases of acute jaundice syndrome, and 203 cases of bloody diarrhoea; compared with the number of cases reported between 11 and 17 June, cases of acute watery diarrhoea increased from 33 to 37 per cent of all reportable diseases, cases of bloody diarrhoea increased from 0.2 to 0.4 per cent, and cases of acute jaundice syndrome increased 0.3 to 0.4 per cent. This alarming trend underscores the urgent need for increased resource allocation, including fuel, medical supplies and WASH interventions, to prevent a further deterioration in public health conditions.
• As of 24 June, only 36 per cent (197 out of 566) of health facilities remain functional (all partially except one field hospital that is fully functional). These include 17 out of 36 hospitals, 9 out of 15 field hospitals, 65 out of 163 PHCs, and 106 out of 351 medical points/mobile clinics. Between 8 and 22 June, 32 health service points stopped functioning, including 28 medical points and four PHCs.
• There is an extremely limited availability of medicines and medical supplies across health partners' warehouses, with most essential items at zero stock. Rotavirus vaccine and diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping cough) vaccine are currently out of stock at central cold chain facilities, while stocks of the bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) for children are running out. Blood supplies remain critically low and rely solely on daily collections to meet high demand.
• The denial rate for international Emergency Medical Teams (EMTs) entering Gaza is currently 44 per cent, impeding the delivery of critical life-saving support to patients and denying relief to overstretched and exhausted medical teams who have been working under extreme pressure for 20 months to address devastating humanitarian needs. Meanwhile, transportation for medical staff to and from hospitals is increasingly constrained, while ongoing fuel shortages and insecurity further limit their mobility.
• Although some fuel has been secured for distribution, supplies remain severely limited and can only support prioritized facilities for short durations.

Response

• Child Protection- Between 8 and 20 June, over 5,000 children and caregivers received critical support, including structured psychosocial support (PSS) such as theatre-based psychological interventions, case management, individual consultations, and psychological first aid (PFA), primarily in displacement sites and shelters. These services were delivered across 10 central locations in Gaza city, Deir al Balah, and Khan Younis. Additionally, more than 3,000 children participated in child safety awareness and explosive ordnance risk education (EORE). Community-based child protection committees and caseworkers continue to deliver child safety messages during aid distributions and facilitate caregiver awareness sessions on preventing exploitation, family separation, and gender-based violence (GBV). Between 10 and 12 June, the CP AoR conducted a three-day CP information management training (CPIMS+) to strengthen service quality, including case tracking and data collection, reaching 165 case workers across Gaza. Due to internet disruptions, some participants were unable to complete the final session; however, a follow-up refresher training is planned once connectivity stabilizes.
• Mine Action – During the reporting period, Mine Action (MA) actors delivered Explosive Ordnance Risk Education–Conflict Preparedness and Protection (EORE-CPP) sessions to host community members and internally displaced people [IDPs]. Two explosive ordnance (EO) incidents were recorded during the reporting period, resulting in two people injured. A total of 95 backdated EO-related incidents have been documented since October 2023, resulting in 34 fatalities and 198 injuries, 52 of whom are children. Mine Action operators remain restricted to priority category 1 (PC1) missions only. However, to support humanitarian operations and mitigate safety risks within communities, Mine Action teams conducted three inter-agency missions during the reporting period, providing technical expertise and contributing to safety during humanitarian operations.
• Housing, Land and Property Technical Working Group (HLP TWG) finalized a unified HLP Assessment Tool and initiated the development of a guidance note on addressing the linkages between HLP and mine action, in collaboration with MA Area of Responsibility (AoR). Service Mapping Verification is ongoing to update and confirm legal aid and HLP service providers operating inside Gaza, with the aim of strengthening coordination and referral pathways.
• Between 31 May and 12 June, UNRWA's protection teams:
  • Carried out 34 protection monitoring visits, 25 key informant interviews and 15 focus group discussions in Khan Younis (including Mawasi), Deir al Balah and Gaza city. The objective of these interventions was to identify protection risks, document patterns of harm, and inform targeted protection responses, particularly for vulnerable groups residing in UNRWA shelters and displacement sites.
  • Facilitated referrals to specialized services and distributed in-kind assistance to 236 people (down from 306 in the previous reporting period and 1,257 between 13 and 26 April). The assistance primarily included dignity kits provided by WHO, along with a limited number of bedding kits, children’s diapers and sanitary pads.
  • Conducted 42 awareness-raising sessions on child protection, EORE, mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) and prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse (PSEA), reaching 1,143 people.
  • On 8 June, 12 Gazan detainees were released to Gaza from Israeli detention centres; UNRWA's protection team have been following up on their short-term needs, such as shelter and food (noting that stocks are currently mostly depleted) as well as the long-term needs, such as MHPSS and support with documentation.
• During the reporting period, the Protection Cluster rolled-out an updated Protection Monitoring System (PMS) data collection toolkit and dashboard, aligning protection risk analysis and tracking in Gaza to the Global Protection Cluster (GPC) Protection Analytical Framework. This is enabling a more robust analysis, which is needed for a more effective and impactful response. Between 8 and 21 June, the Protection Cluster conducted three online and one in-person technical trainings, reaching a total of 44 persons (30 female and 14 male). This brings the total number of Emergency Protection Responders (ERPs) trained since October 2023 to 284 people (189 women and 95 men).

Challenges

• Community members face heightened insecurity, repeated displacement, and widespread food shortages, compounded by inadequate shelter, shortages of medications and essential items, and limited healthcare access. Protection monitoring reveal that psychological distress is pervasive, with parents increasingly reporting concerns for their children's mental health, citing withdrawal fear and distress caused by displacement, overcrowding and hunger. Women and girls face heightened risks of GBV, children are increasingly exposed to child labour (especially in the 12-14 age group), family separation, neglect, and other forms of harm. Older persons and people with disabilities who struggle with mobility, face additional barriers in accessing aid. PMS data indicate increasing severity of protection risks associated with attacks on civilians, widespread presence of unexploded ordnance (UXO), psychosocial distress, access to information, and discrimination in access to services and assistance.
• There is a high risk of injury or death when approaching aid points, water trucking stations, and during chaotic flour truck lootings. During the reporting period, mass casualties and stampede incidents were reported among those trying to access aid, including burns from boiling meals in overcrowded conditions. While these risks affect everyone, they disproportionately exclude the most vulnerable groups, including unaccompanied and separated children (UASC), child-headed households, families with large numbers of children, and people with disabilities, who often cannot access humanitarian aid and face increasing exploitation.
• Operational challenges for CP partners remain severe. No new assistive devices or repair parts for children with disabilities have entered Gaza in months, and large tents for Child-Friendly Spaces left by evacuated partners have not been replaced, limiting safe space availability.
• The lack of fuel has critically reduced mobility for case managers and outreach teams, while prolonged internet blackouts disrupted communication, coordination, and reporting for several days, delaying or cancelling life-saving missions. These constraints significantly hinder the ability to provide comprehensive care and link children with essential multisectoral services.
• Access remains severely restricted for humanitarian organizations. For instance, during the reporting period, MA actors reported that 12 interagency missions that they have taken part in were denied, and three were canceled.

Response

• During the reporting period, 276 temporary learning spaces (TLS) were operational, serving 11,851 learners supported by 3,278 teachers across the Gaza Strip. The number of functional TLS and learner enrollment continues to fluctuate due to the volatile security situation. This is compared with 570 TLS that were operational during the ceasefire in February, serving 249,000 learners. While 51 TLS have been shut down or suspended in the past two weeks (see below), efforts to establish new TLS are progressing. Four TLS have been set up during the reporting period, with enrolment currently underway. These include two sites in Gaza city, a school in Khan Younis, and a school in Deir al Balah.
• During the reporting period, one Education Cluster member, who had pre-positioned supplies prior to the collapse of the ceasefire, has now distributed 26 high-performance tents, 639 stationery kits, and four adolescent care kits in Gaza city, Khan Younis and Deir al Balah.
• Education Cluster partners continue to implement innovative approaches to engage children, including outside formal learning spaces, to help restore a sense of routine. As part of MHPSS efforts, partners have reached more than 3,000 learners during the reporting period through structured recreational activities across Gaza; these activities aim to provide children with moments of relief and joy, nurture hope, and reinforce their resilience amid ongoing adversity.
• To mark World Refugee Day, the Inter-agency Network for Education in Emergencies (INEE) and the Global Campaign for Education (GCE) organized a public online webinar attended by over 200 participants, including representatives from diplomatic missions, journalists, and global education practitioners. The event highlighted challenges facing education programming and access to education in Gaza as well as support from the international community for partners’ critical efforts on the ground. Panelists included representatives from UNRWA, the Education Cluster, and other key partners.

Challenges

• The continued issuance of displacement orders, ongoing bombardment and insecurity have severely undermined efforts during the ceasefire to re-open schools, support in-person learning and expand alternative learning spaces.
• Between 8 and 21 June, at least 51 TLSs serving 12,000 learners and supported by 603 teachers, alongside 21 public schools were placed under displacement orders, forcing partners to temporarily suspend operations. These included: 36 TLS in Khan Younis, seven in Gaza city, seven in North Gaza, and one in Deir al Balah; and 13 public schools in Gaza city, six in Khan Younis, and two in Deir al Balah. The closure of TLS and public schools has disrupted learning, eliminated all in-person learning opportunities for children, and halted children's access to critical services, including MHPSS, social and emotional learning and structured recreational activities that help mitigate the effects of repeated trauma endured by children. In total since 18 March, a total of 171 TLS serving more than 67,000 learners with the support of 2,346 teachers shut down or were suspended.
• The ongoing critical fuel shortages continue to disrupt education in emergency response across the Gaza Strip. Partners are unable to transport mobile assets, such as tents, from displacement-affected locations. Staff movement for monitoring and supervision of TLS has also been significantly limited. Group activities that require powered equipment, including group sessions using loudspeakers, have been suspended. Even basic operational tasks, like printing, have come to a halt due to the inability to run generators. Fuel shortages have also resulted in lower volumes of water being trucked or pumped from accessible water wells, access to clean water and hygiene and sanitation conditions at TLS have also been compromised, increasing the risk of communicable disease outbreaks.
• Due to soaring temperatures, particularly after midday, and the lack of adequate ventilation or cooling systems in the tents, partners are considering a reduction in shifts at TLS, which are currently operating in three shifts between 7:00 and 15:00. While this adjustment would prioritize the health and well-being of children and teachers, it would also result in decreased enrolment and attendance and further hamper access to education for thousands of children.
• As of 17 June, the Ministry of Education (MoE) reports that at least 15,379 students and 691 education personnel have been killed, while 23,105 students and 2,926 education staff have been injured, many with lifelong physical or psychological impacts. These figures underscore the devastating impact of the ongoing crisis on the education sector, including students and staff, severely undermining all efforts to maintain and restore safe learning environments for children.
• Between 1 and 21 June, at least six reported attacks on schools have been reported. These incidents have resulted in civilian casualties, including children who were sheltering in school buildings, and caused further damage to the already fragile education infrastructure. In addition to the physical destruction, the attacks have intensified fear among parents, children, and teachers, eroding confidence in the safety of school environments and discouraging participation in education in emergency activities.

Response

• Between 8 and 21 June, partners distributed multi-purpose cash assistance (MPC) to 22,500 households, prioritizing newly displaced households or those identified as being highly vulnerable through existing programme databases.

Challenges

• The entry of only limited supplies into Gaza have resulted in alarmingly low stock levels in markets, with some supplies, such as meat and dairy products, completely out of stock and other items being scarce and only available at prohibitively high prices, such as sugar which is being sold at 250-280 NIS per kilogramme (kg) compared with 3.9NIS prior to October 2023. Overall, the entry of commercial supplies into Gaza was officially banned by Israeli authorities in October 2024 and such supplies have mainly entered during the ceasefire.
• The ongoing lack of liquidity continues to restrict the ability of people to access markets and afford the very limited, often expensive items available. Cash-out commission rates are now above 40 per cent. This financial strain disrupts markets, further shrinking people’s purchasing power and hampering the ability of retailers to replenish stocks from the limited supplies already inside Gaza.
• Since 10 June, repeated fiber optic cable cuts following heavy military activity have resulted in recurrent internet connectivity outages in both northern and southern Gaza (see ETC). These disruptions have hindered vendors' ability to connect equipment and operate online payment systems, further complicating market transactions.

Response

• Between 11 and 24 June, SMC partners recorded the displacement of over 15,000 people, bringing the total number since 18 March to 682,240 IDPs. This was determined with the support of SMC partners that use a self-reporting system and real time communication platforms (such as telegram) to assist site focal points in tracking the displacement to and from sites.
• During the reporting period, SMC partners established management committees at displacement sites throughout the Gaza Strip, with some formed remotely due to access constraints. These committees, play a critical role in community engagement within displacement sites, ensuring that marginalised and vulnerable groups are represented and reached with supplies and services. The formation of committees is often incentivised by SMC partners to ensure that vulnerable groups, including women, girls and the disabled, have an active voice in decision-making related to the running of the sites. SMC partners also continue to conduct on-site visits across all areas that remain accessible in Gaza, Deir al Balah and Khan Younis governorates, engaging with existing community committees to maintain participation and oversight.
• Site Committee Mapping and Safety Audit tools were piloted by SMC partners to assess the composition of site committees, service provision, and access to services - particularly for persons with specific needs. The Safety Audit Tool is tailored to identify site-related protection concerns and provide actionable recommendations for improvement.

Challenges

• SMC partners face movement restrictions due to ongoing hostilities, insecurity, displacement orders, and fuel shortages. As a result, some partners have shifted to remote modalities, such as phone calls and messaging applications, which restrict direct engagement and timely response. However, the effectiveness of remote coordination has been further undermined by disrupted communication networks.
• The lack of fuel restricts movement and has prevented regular site visits, forcing some SMC partners to recruit daily workers from within or near displacement sites to implement activities, maintain a presence, and reply to phone calls to engage existing site committees.
• Incidents of carjackings, looting, and direct threats to NGO partners have been reported, heightening operational risks and limiting humanitarian access.
• The number of IDPs continues to rise sharply given the continued issuance of displacement orders, strikes on IDP sites, and ongoing hostilities. For example, the displacement order issued for Khan Younis on 17 June affected 12 sites and more than 6,000 people, resulting in a large influx of IDPs into other already overcrowded IDP sites. This has further aggravated access to water and sanitation facilities at these sites. Subsequent displacement orders have continued to deteriorate the situation further. Rapid and repeated displacement has led to the frequent relocation or replacement of site committees, focal points, and trained community members, requiring continuous training and follow-up by partners to maintain community engagement and ensure operational continuity.
• Local market constraints, including rising prices and scarcity of supplies (such as equipment for shelter improvements), are hampering project implementation, particularly for care and maintenance activities. At the same time, the current focus of SMC partners on data collection and their general inability to distribute aid due to the limited entry of humanitarian assistance into Gaza is beginning to erode community trust and acceptance.

Response

• Between 8 and 21 June, several Shelter partners pooled available items to jointly distribute emergency shelter kits (ESKs) to approximately 300 families in Gaza city. One partner also distributed clothing vouchers to help about 1,530 families in Gaza city in purchasing children's clothing available in local shops, and one partner secured funding to distribute a total of 9,300 clothing kits through Cash and Voucher Assistance (CVA). Distributions are mainly prioritizing newly displaced households who were forced to flee without their essential belongings.
• Maintenance and rehabilitation of temporary shelters using basic materials, such as tapes and ropes, remains a priority. During the reporting period, rehabilitation work has been completed for 100 temporary shelters across three displacement sites in Gaza city. Meanwhile, partners are currently working to provide wooden pallets to support the rehabilitation and maintenance of temporary shelters and sites in Khan Younis.
• During the reporting period, a partner’s assessment conducted across 32 displacement sites, covering 13,000 families, identified the urgent need for: 4,000 temporary shelters (tents) for families with no form of shelter or living in severely overcrowded conditions; 6,000 plastic sheets (tarpaulins) to reinforce existing shelters; and 3,000 temporary shelters requiring maintenance and rehabilitation to improve current environmental and living conditions.
• During the reporting period, Shelter Cluster published two position papers: one outlining the prioritization of shelter materials for transportation on trucks when feasible, and the other providing guidance on rental assistance to IDPs in displacement settings.

Challenges

• Most of the shelter items distributed in Gaza, such as tents, have a short lifespan of only three to six months, creating a repetitive cycle of demand for shelter assistance. This is further compounded by repeated waves of forced displacement, often resulting in the loss or abandonment of essential shelter items. As a result, and despite previous aid distributions, unmet shelter needs remain widespread across the Gaza Strip. An estimated 1.1 million people require emergency shelter items, while around 1.1 million people are estimated to require household items, according to the most recent assessment by the Shelter Cluster conducted in June.
• Ongoing displacement continues to drive growing needs for shelter assistance and non-food items (NFI) while available resources remain scarce. Many people have been forced to flee without their belongings and have sought shelter in every possible space, including in already overcrowded displacement camps, damaged buildings, streets and open areas, leaving their shelter needs largely unmet.
• The inability to bring in shelter items and NFIs through crossings since 2 March, prohibitively expensive shelter items that remain available in limited quantities on the market, and overcrowded displacement settlings are further constraining response efforts. This is exacerbated by ongoing airstrikes targeting displacement sites, repeated displacement orders, social tensions and unrest, and the displacement of many aid workers. Movement restrictions and insecurity are also limiting the ability of partners to access people in need in some areas.
• The immense needs far outweigh available resources, complicating prioritization efforts during aid distributions and contributing to tensions within communities.

Response

• The Logistics Cluster continues to coordinate with partners for the drafting of the daily truck manifest, for submission and approval by the Israeli authorities. Restrictions on permitted items remain largely unchanged with only very limited medical, nutrition, WASH, and certain food items currently being approved, and only for a limited number of organisations. Since 15 June, personal hygiene items have been approved for transportation through Jordan and Israel corridors, while a select number of health items stored in UN warehouses in the West Bank are now permitted to be processed through the Cluster-coordinated manifest.
• Subject to security conditions and movement approvals, the Cluster continues to facilitate cargo collection from Kerem Shalom/Karem Abu Salem crossing on behalf of partners, including on the fence road. Since 16 June, Israeli authorities have opened West Erez (Zikim), which is currently only accessible for trucks that arrive directly from Ashdod port.
• In Jordan, the Cluster consolidation warehouse remains at full capacity, with 7,822 cubic metres of partner’s aid in storage. Inside Gaza, Cluster common storage services are available at two accessible warehouses in Deir al Balah and Gaza city, while the other two remain inaccessible within Israeli-militarized zones.

Challenges

• Very limited volumes of aid are currently moving through the Jordan route on Back-to-Back (B2B) convoys, due to the very limited types of aid permitted, the very few organisations authorised by Israeli authorities, and constraints on organisations’ ability to process customs clearances. B2B transport is facilitated by the Logistics Cluster at no-cost to users until 31 July.
• Although the Israeli authorities have indicated that some health items located in the West Bank could be authorised for entry into Gaza, significant restrictions are imposed, such as limiting authorisation only for medical cargo procured internationally and stored in UN warehouses. The first planned truck movement from the West Bank on 19 June was denied by Israeli authorities due to the reported closure of Tarqumiya crossing, previously indicated as viable.
• Cargo positioned in the Egypt corridor is still denied entry into Gaza. As of 16 June, 852 trucks for UN and International NGOs (60 per cent of which carry food supplies) are waiting in Al Arish, ready to be dispatched to the Gaza Strip.
• On 10 June, one of the previously evacuated Cluster warehouses in northern Gaza was hit. No personnel or cargo were affected as it had not been accessible for several weeks following a displacement order by the Israeli authorities. Although the two Cluster common warehouses (one in Deir al Balah and one in Gaza city are accessible, storage services have been hampered by insecurity, preventing convoys from reaching the storage facilities.
• The disruptions to internet connectivity inside Gaza resulting from military operations have severely hindered humanitarian logistics operations, including coordination activities and information sharing.

Response

• On 21 June, internet connectivity was restored in central Gaza with limited data speeds, while southern Gaza remains disconnected. This partial restoration follows a complete blackout in both areas since 17 June, which has severely disrupted humanitarian operations. The ETC continues to engage with stakeholders to secure sustained access for technical teams to complete urgent repairs.
• For more information on ETC activities, please visit:Palestine: Conflict | Emergency Telecommunications Cluster (ETC) (etcluster.org).

Challenges

• As of 21 June, telecommunications and internet service providers have reported critically low fuel reserves, with accessible supplies expected to be exhausted soon. Without the immediate delivery of fuel and engine oil to operate generators that power key infrastructure, telecommunications services are expected to shut down. This could lead to a complete collapse of telecommunications and internet services, considerably impairing humanitarian coordination, operational continuity, staff safety and the ability of affected people to access lifesaving information and services.
• Telecommunications and internet services remain limited across Gaza due to extensive and recurrent damage to infrastructure caused by hostilities, compounded by the lack of spare parts and engine oil needed for repair and maintenance.
• Continued restrictions on the entry of aid and other essentials have hindered the import of critically needed ICT equipment. Combined with insufficient funding, this is severely constraining ETC's ability to deliver services needed to support humanitarian operations and access to life-saving information in Gaza.

Protection against sexual abuse and exploitation (PSEA) remains a cross-cutting priority for all clusters. Aid distribution must be delivered with dignity and respect. Any wrongdoing can be reported through SAWA toll-free number 164. SAWA will assist and provide services free of charge and with the utmost confidentiality.

To promote accountability to affected people, the online Humanitarian Service Directory provides information on aid services, helplines, and key messages, and is available via hyperlink and QR code.

* Asterisks indicate that a figure, sentence, or section has been rectified, added, or retracted after the initial publication of this update.